CELEBRATING SHAB-E-BARAT (15TH OF SHABAAN IS BID'AH)
SHAB-E-BARAT:
The month of Sha’ban is the eighth month of the Islamic lunar calendar. The
fifteenth night of this month is known as Laylatul Bara’ah or Laylatun Nisfe
min Sha’ban in the Arab world. In India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Iran,
Afghanistan, etc., it is known as Shab-e-barat.
THE BELIEVES ABOUT
THIS DAY:
1. Some people believe that in Surah al-Dukhan (44:3-4) there is a reference to
this night as Allah says, “We sent it (the Qur’an) down during a blessed night.
We are truly warners. In that night is made distinct every affair of wisdom”
-But the night referred to here cannot be a Sha’ban night, because it is said
here clearly that the Qur’an was revealed in this night. We know from the Surah
al-Qadr (97) that the Qur’an was revealed in the night of Qadr and we also know
from the Qur’an (Al-Baqarah 2:185) that the Qur’an was revealed in the month of
Ramadan, so it is obvious that the night of the revelation of the Qur’an was in
Ramadan, not Sha’ban, and that it was Laylatul Qadr not Shab-e-barat (or the
Sha’ban night).
2. Some people also say that in the 2nd year of Hijrah, the direction of Qiblah
was changed from Jerusalem to Ka’bah (Makkah) on the 15th day of Sha’ban.
-This report is also not confirmed by authentic Ahadith.
According to most of the scholars of Tafsir, the Qur’an has not mentioned
anything about the Sha’ban night. There are some Ahadith that speak about the
Middle of Sha’ban and its night. However, the scholars of Hadith say that most
of the Ahadith concerning this night are not sound. They are weak (da’if)
according to the criteria of the Muhaddithin.
THE SUPERSTTIONS ABOUT
THIS DAY:
1.some people believe that the spirits (arwah) of the deceased visit their
relatives during this night.
2. Some believe that there is a special Tree in the heaven upon whose leaves
are the names of all human beings, and whatever leaves drop during this night,
those people are destined to die in this year.
3.Some think that the decisions about the life and death of people are made
during this night.
-All these beliefs and superstitions do not belong to the authentic teachings
of the Qur’an and Sunnah.
HADITH ON (15TH)
MID-SHABAN:
1. The Mother of the Believers Aisha [May Allah be pleased with her] reports I
missed the Prophet one night so I went out to al-Baqi` (and found him). He
said: "Were you afraid that Allah would wrong you and that His Prophet
would wrong you?" I said: "O Messenger of Allah, I thought that you
might have gone to visit one of your wives." He said: "Allah Glorious
and Exalted descends to the nearest heaven on the night of mid-Shaban and He
forgives to more people than the number of hairs on the hides of the sheep of
the tribes of Kalb.
-Narrated from Aisha by Ahmad, Ibn Majah, and al-Tirmidhi who said that he
heard al-Bukhari grading this Hadith as weak because some of the sub-narrators
did not narrate directly from each other.
2. Abd Allah ibn `Amr [May Allah be pleased with him] reports that Prophet
[Peace be upon him] said “Allah looks upon His creatures on the night of
mid-Shaban and He forgives all His servants except two: one intent on hatred,
and the homicide.”
- Narrated from Abd Allah ibn Amr by al-Tirmidhi, Ahmad and al Bazzar with a
chain he graded fair (hasan) through the great Tabi’I jurist al-Qasim ibn
Muhammad ibn bi Bakr al-Siddiq.
3. The Mother of the Believers Aisha [May Allah be pleased with her] reports,
"The Prophet stood up in prayer during part of the night and made his
prostration so lengthy that I thought his soul had been taken back. When I saw
this I got up and went to move his big toe, whereupon he moved, so I drew back.
When he raised his head from prostration and finished praying, he said: "O
`A'isha, O fair little one (humayra')! Did you think that the Prophet had
broken his agreement with you?" She replied: "No, by Allah, O
Messenger of Allah, but I thought that your soul had been taken back because
your stayed in prostration for so long." He said: "Do you know what
night this is?" She said: "Allah and His Prophet know best." He
said: "This is the night of mid-Sha`ban! Verily Allah the Glorious and
Majestic look at His servants on the night of mid-Sha`ban, and He forgives
those who ask forgiveness, and He bestows mercy on those who ask mercy, and He
gives a delay to the people of envy and spite in their state."
- Narrated from Aisha by al-Bayhaqi in Shu’ab al Iman (3:382) where he
comments: “This hadith is missing the Companion in its chain, and is a good
Hadith (hadha mursal jayyid). It is probable that al-Ala’ibn al-Harith took it
from Makhul and Allah knows best.”
4. Ali ibn Abi Talib [May Allah be pleased with him] reports that the Prophet
[Peace be upon him] is reported to have said: “The night of mid-Shaban, let all
of you spend in prayer and its day in fasting, for Allah descends to the
nearest heaven during that night beginning with sunset and says: ‘Is there no
one asking sustenance that I may forgive them? Is there no one asking
sustenance that I may grant them sustenance? Is there no one under duress that
I may relieve them? Is there not such-and-such, is there not such-and-such, a
so forth until dawn rises’”
- Narrated from Ali by Ahmed and Ibn Majah with a chain containing Ibn Abi
Sabra, Mufti Taqi Uthmani says regarding the authenticity of this hadith This
Hadith is recorded by Ibn Majah in his Sunan, one of the famous six books of
Hadith, and also by Baihaqi in his famous book Shu'ab-al-'iman'. Both of them
have reported it without any comment about its authenticity. But after a
critical analysis of its chain of narrators it is found that this tradition is
mainly based on the report of Abu Bakr Ibn Abi Saburah whose narrations cannot
be relied upon. That is why the scholars of Hadith have declared it as a weak
(da'if) tradition. his memory was not of the standard required for the
Authenticity of a tradition. That is why most of the critics and scholars of
Hadith like Imam Bukhari etc. Have held him as weak.
SCOLARS OPINION:
AS THERE IS NO AUTHENTIC HADITH ABOUT MID SHABAN, BUT THERE ARE NUMBERS OF WEAK
HADITH’S IN RELATION, THE OPINION OF THE SCHOLARS DIFFERED AT THIS POINT.
SOME OF THEM BELIEVED AS THERE ARE MANY (NEAR A DOZON) WEAK HADITH, SO,
MID-SHABAN CARRIES SPECIAL IMPORTANCE, AND SPECIAL ACTS SHALL BE PERFORMED AT
THIS NIGHT!
OTHERS BELIEVED THAT, AS MOST OF THE HADITH ARE WEAK OR THERE IS NOT A SINGLE
SAHIH HADITH AMONG THEM, PERFORMING ANY SPECIAL ACT ON THIS SPECIFIC NIGHT IS
BIDAH (INOVATION).
IN BRIEF, WHAT WE FIND
IS-
1. There is no specific prescribed Salaah reserved for this night.
2. There is no specific form of Ibadah prescribed for this night.
-It was the noble habit of Rasoolullah Sallallahu alaihi wasallam to engage in
ibadah during the last portion of every night. Ibadah was not restricted to the
15th of Shaban or any other specific night. Ayesha Radhiyallahu anha reports
that Rasoolullah Sallallahu alaihi wasallam used to go to bed during the first
portion of the night and he would stay awake the last portion of the night
(spending it in ibadah). (Bukhari and Muslim)
3. Allah Ta'ala descends to the nearest heaven during the last third of every
night. (Bukhari) This is not restricted to the 15th night of Sha'ban.
4. Visiting the graveyard is not a special characteristic of this night; it is
proven from other authentic narrations that Rasoolullah Sallallahu alaihi
wasallam would visit the graveyard during the last portion of many nights.
5. Fasting on the 15th of Sha'ban is not proven from any Sahih Hadith
- It is a misconception that the fast of the 15th of Sha'ban is Sunnah.
There is only one hadtih regarding fasting on this day but it is extremely
weak, as one of its narrators, Ibn Abi Sabirah is extremely weak, has been
accused of fabricating Ahaadith too. (Mizaan al-I'tidaal, p. 503)
- Fasting in the month of Sha'ban without the specification of any day is
proven from Rasoolullah Sallallahu alaihi wasallam. Infact, he used to fast
excessively during this month. (Narrated by al-Bukhârî, no. 1833; Muslim, no.
1956)
- Fasting on the13th, 14th and 15th of Every lunar month is proven from the
Ahaadith.
8. The BLESSED NIGHT, mentioned in Surah Dukhan of the Quran, is the night of
Qadr, and not the 15th night of Sha'baan.
9. The name Laylatul Bara'at was intoduced after a few centuries. Earlier
Hadith books would mention Ahaadith regarding this night under the heading
laylat al-Nisf min Sha'ban (Chapter on the night of the 15th of Sha'ban)
10. The custom of cooking a specific food for the 15th night of Sha'ban has no
basis in the Qur'an or Sunnah. Nor does the lighting of lamps or having
lighting outside the Masaajid as practised by some people.
11. It is the consensus (ijma) of all jurists that it is better for an
individual to perform optional prayers in ones own home.
- It was the practice of Rasoolullah Salllallahu alaihi wasallam and the
Sahaabah Radhiyallahu anhum to engage in any Nafl/optional prayers in their own
homes.
………………………………………………………………………….
One can conclude from this that the customs and traditions prevalent today
where people assemble on nights such as these have no base in the Qur'an or
Sunnah.
Don’t engage in any form of Bid'ah, Success lies in obeying the commands of
Allah and adhering to the teachings of our Prophet, Muhammad Sallallahu alaihi
wasallam.
ALLAH KNOWS THE BEST.
The month of Sha’ban is the eighth month of the Islamic lunar calendar. The fifteenth night of this month is known as Laylatul Bara’ah or Laylatun Nisfe min Sha’ban in the Arab world. In India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Iran, Afghanistan, etc., it is known as Shab-e-barat.
1. Some people believe that in Surah al-Dukhan (44:3-4) there is a reference to this night as Allah says, “We sent it (the Qur’an) down during a blessed night. We are truly warners. In that night is made distinct every affair of wisdom”
-But the night referred to here cannot be a Sha’ban night, because it is said here clearly that the Qur’an was revealed in this night. We know from the Surah al-Qadr (97) that the Qur’an was revealed in the night of Qadr and we also know from the Qur’an (Al-Baqarah 2:185) that the Qur’an was revealed in the month of Ramadan, so it is obvious that the night of the revelation of the Qur’an was in Ramadan, not Sha’ban, and that it was Laylatul Qadr not Shab-e-barat (or the Sha’ban night).
2. Some people also say that in the 2nd year of Hijrah, the direction of Qiblah was changed from Jerusalem to Ka’bah (Makkah) on the 15th day of Sha’ban.
-This report is also not confirmed by authentic Ahadith.
According to most of the scholars of Tafsir, the Qur’an has not mentioned anything about the Sha’ban night. There are some Ahadith that speak about the Middle of Sha’ban and its night. However, the scholars of Hadith say that most of the Ahadith concerning this night are not sound. They are weak (da’if) according to the criteria of the Muhaddithin.
1.some people believe that the spirits (arwah) of the deceased visit their relatives during this night.
2. Some believe that there is a special Tree in the heaven upon whose leaves are the names of all human beings, and whatever leaves drop during this night, those people are destined to die in this year.
3.Some think that the decisions about the life and death of people are made during this night.
-All these beliefs and superstitions do not belong to the authentic teachings of the Qur’an and Sunnah.
1. The Mother of the Believers Aisha [May Allah be pleased with her] reports I missed the Prophet one night so I went out to al-Baqi` (and found him). He said: "Were you afraid that Allah would wrong you and that His Prophet would wrong you?" I said: "O Messenger of Allah, I thought that you might have gone to visit one of your wives." He said: "Allah Glorious and Exalted descends to the nearest heaven on the night of mid-Shaban and He forgives to more people than the number of hairs on the hides of the sheep of the tribes of Kalb.
-Narrated from Aisha by Ahmad, Ibn Majah, and al-Tirmidhi who said that he heard al-Bukhari grading this Hadith as weak because some of the sub-narrators did not narrate directly from each other.
2. Abd Allah ibn `Amr [May Allah be pleased with him] reports that Prophet [Peace be upon him] said “Allah looks upon His creatures on the night of mid-Shaban and He forgives all His servants except two: one intent on hatred, and the homicide.”
- Narrated from Abd Allah ibn Amr by al-Tirmidhi, Ahmad and al Bazzar with a chain he graded fair (hasan) through the great Tabi’I jurist al-Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn bi Bakr al-Siddiq.
3. The Mother of the Believers Aisha [May Allah be pleased with her] reports, "The Prophet stood up in prayer during part of the night and made his prostration so lengthy that I thought his soul had been taken back. When I saw this I got up and went to move his big toe, whereupon he moved, so I drew back. When he raised his head from prostration and finished praying, he said: "O `A'isha, O fair little one (humayra')! Did you think that the Prophet had broken his agreement with you?" She replied: "No, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah, but I thought that your soul had been taken back because your stayed in prostration for so long." He said: "Do you know what night this is?" She said: "Allah and His Prophet know best." He said: "This is the night of mid-Sha`ban! Verily Allah the Glorious and Majestic look at His servants on the night of mid-Sha`ban, and He forgives those who ask forgiveness, and He bestows mercy on those who ask mercy, and He gives a delay to the people of envy and spite in their state."
- Narrated from Aisha by al-Bayhaqi in Shu’ab al Iman (3:382) where he comments: “This hadith is missing the Companion in its chain, and is a good Hadith (hadha mursal jayyid). It is probable that al-Ala’ibn al-Harith took it from Makhul and Allah knows best.”
4. Ali ibn Abi Talib [May Allah be pleased with him] reports that the Prophet [Peace be upon him] is reported to have said: “The night of mid-Shaban, let all of you spend in prayer and its day in fasting, for Allah descends to the nearest heaven during that night beginning with sunset and says: ‘Is there no one asking sustenance that I may forgive them? Is there no one asking sustenance that I may grant them sustenance? Is there no one under duress that I may relieve them? Is there not such-and-such, is there not such-and-such, a so forth until dawn rises’”
- Narrated from Ali by Ahmed and Ibn Majah with a chain containing Ibn Abi Sabra, Mufti Taqi Uthmani says regarding the authenticity of this hadith This Hadith is recorded by Ibn Majah in his Sunan, one of the famous six books of Hadith, and also by Baihaqi in his famous book Shu'ab-al-'iman'. Both of them have reported it without any comment about its authenticity. But after a critical analysis of its chain of narrators it is found that this tradition is mainly based on the report of Abu Bakr Ibn Abi Saburah whose narrations cannot be relied upon. That is why the scholars of Hadith have declared it as a weak (da'if) tradition. his memory was not of the standard required for the Authenticity of a tradition. That is why most of the critics and scholars of Hadith like Imam Bukhari etc. Have held him as weak.
AS THERE IS NO AUTHENTIC HADITH ABOUT MID SHABAN, BUT THERE ARE NUMBERS OF WEAK HADITH’S IN RELATION, THE OPINION OF THE SCHOLARS DIFFERED AT THIS POINT.
SOME OF THEM BELIEVED AS THERE ARE MANY (NEAR A DOZON) WEAK HADITH, SO, MID-SHABAN CARRIES SPECIAL IMPORTANCE, AND SPECIAL ACTS SHALL BE PERFORMED AT THIS NIGHT!
OTHERS BELIEVED THAT, AS MOST OF THE HADITH ARE WEAK OR THERE IS NOT A SINGLE SAHIH HADITH AMONG THEM, PERFORMING ANY SPECIAL ACT ON THIS SPECIFIC NIGHT IS BIDAH (INOVATION).
1. There is no specific prescribed Salaah reserved for this night.
2. There is no specific form of Ibadah prescribed for this night.
-It was the noble habit of Rasoolullah Sallallahu alaihi wasallam to engage in ibadah during the last portion of every night. Ibadah was not restricted to the 15th of Shaban or any other specific night. Ayesha Radhiyallahu anha reports that Rasoolullah Sallallahu alaihi wasallam used to go to bed during the first portion of the night and he would stay awake the last portion of the night (spending it in ibadah). (Bukhari and Muslim)
3. Allah Ta'ala descends to the nearest heaven during the last third of every night. (Bukhari) This is not restricted to the 15th night of Sha'ban.
4. Visiting the graveyard is not a special characteristic of this night; it is proven from other authentic narrations that Rasoolullah Sallallahu alaihi wasallam would visit the graveyard during the last portion of many nights.
5. Fasting on the 15th of Sha'ban is not proven from any Sahih Hadith
- It is a misconception that the fast of the 15th of Sha'ban is Sunnah.
There is only one hadtih regarding fasting on this day but it is extremely weak, as one of its narrators, Ibn Abi Sabirah is extremely weak, has been accused of fabricating Ahaadith too. (Mizaan al-I'tidaal, p. 503)
- Fasting in the month of Sha'ban without the specification of any day is proven from Rasoolullah Sallallahu alaihi wasallam. Infact, he used to fast excessively during this month. (Narrated by al-Bukhârî, no. 1833; Muslim, no. 1956)
- Fasting on the13th, 14th and 15th of Every lunar month is proven from the Ahaadith.
8. The BLESSED NIGHT, mentioned in Surah Dukhan of the Quran, is the night of Qadr, and not the 15th night of Sha'baan.
9. The name Laylatul Bara'at was intoduced after a few centuries. Earlier Hadith books would mention Ahaadith regarding this night under the heading laylat al-Nisf min Sha'ban (Chapter on the night of the 15th of Sha'ban)
10. The custom of cooking a specific food for the 15th night of Sha'ban has no basis in the Qur'an or Sunnah. Nor does the lighting of lamps or having lighting outside the Masaajid as practised by some people.
11. It is the consensus (ijma) of all jurists that it is better for an individual to perform optional prayers in ones own home.
- It was the practice of Rasoolullah Salllallahu alaihi wasallam and the Sahaabah Radhiyallahu anhum to engage in any Nafl/optional prayers in their own homes.
………………………………………………………………………….
One can conclude from this that the customs and traditions prevalent today where people assemble on nights such as these have no base in the Qur'an or Sunnah.
Don’t engage in any form of Bid'ah, Success lies in obeying the commands of Allah and adhering to the teachings of our Prophet, Muhammad Sallallahu alaihi wasallam.
ALLAH KNOWS THE BEST.
hazrat ans bin malik may ALLAH b pleased with him narrates that prophet MUHAMMAD peace b upon him says,wen i was in meraj journey people who have sharp nails & they were scratching their face and bodies with those copper nails i asked about them to jibraiel alehissalam he replied,they are the back biters who disgrace other and back bite in the world...
ReplyDeleteNaat Sharif MP3
Shab e Barat 2017 is coming soon
ReplyDelete“As for the Night of Mid-Sha’ban, the Tabi’een in Shām, like Khalid ibn Ma’dan, Makhul, Luqman ibn ‘Amir, and others,used to honor this night and strive hard in their worship in it. It is from them that the people learned the virtue of this night and learned to honor it.” – Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali, Lata’if al-Ma’arif (1)
ReplyDelete“As for the Night of Mid-Sha’ban, hadiths and early reports have been transmitted about its virtue, and it has been transmitted that a group of the salaf (righteous predecessors) used to do extra prayers in it.” – Ibn Taymiyya, Majmu’ al-Fatawa (2)
ReplyDeleteit was the people of Shām who were known to celebrate the the Night of Mid-Sha’ban. Those who taught them that the Night of Mid-Sha’ban was a special night, and taught them to do extra prayers in this night, were scholars from the generation of the Tabi’een, those who studied under the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace).
Now the question is, why was it in particular the Tabi’een of Shām that taught this?
Because they took it from the great Companion Muadh ibn Jabal (may Allah be pleased with him) who used to teach in Damascus. The Companions of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) spread to different parts of the world, and took with them the teachings that they heard from the Messenger of Allah. Because of this, in the first century of Islam, different regions within the Muslim world had different practices and fiqh, based on the different Companions that they learned from.
It was Muadh, this most outstanding of scholars from among the Companions of the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and grant him peace), who taught to the people of Shām the sayings of the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and grant him peace) about the virtues of the Night of Mid-Sha’ban.
ReplyDeleteThere, in Shām, Mu’adh ibn Jabal narrated that the Messenger of Allah (Allah bless him and grant him peace) said:
‘God looks at His creation during the Night of Mid-Sha‘ban and forgives all of them, except an idolator and one who harbours rancour.’
This above hadith was narrated on the authority of Mu’adh by Ibn Hibban in his Sahih. It was also narrated by Ibn Abi Asim in al-Sunna and al-Tabarani in al-Kabir and al-Awsat. (3)
If we look at the chain of this hadith, we see that the Syrian Malik b. Yukhamir (from the city of Homs) took this hadith from Mu’adh ibn Jabal, and through him it reached Makhul. As we saw above, Ibn Rajab stated that Makhul was one of those who taught people the virtue of this blessed night and used to strive to do extra worship on this night.
According to Imam Zuhri and other great scholars of that age, Makhul was the greatest scholar of Shām in his age, and one of the four greatest scholars amongst that entire blessed generation of young Tabi’een.